ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the clinical outcomes and feasibility of immediate implantation after flap surgery and minimally invasive extraction in the maxillary molar area and to provide a reference for it. Methods: Forty-one patients (41 molars in total) with maxillary molars that could not be preserved, treated from June 2018 to June 2020 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, were selected. There are 24 males and 17 females with the age of (49.7±1.8) years (range 18-66 years). Pre-operative cone-beam CT (CBCT) was taken for measurement and analysis. After flap surgery and minimally invasive tooth extraction, the inflammatory granulation tissues attached to the soft and hard tissues were completely scraped and clipped, followed by the preparation of the implants in the correct three-dimensional position. Torque value and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were recorded after implant placement and with non-submerged healing. CBCT examination was taken 6 months after surgery and ISQ value was checked before crown restoration. CBCT examination was also taken 1 year after the permanent restoration. The survival rate of 6 months after surgery, the success rate of 1 year after permanent restoration, and the size of jump gaps immediately after surgery, 6 months after surgery, 1 year after permanent restoration respectively, were performed. The ISQ values were compared immediately and 6 months after surgery. Results: A total of 41 implants were placed in 41 patients. Six months after surgery, the survival rate was 100% (41/41). Twelve months after permanent restoration, the success rate of the implant restoration was 100% (41/41). The torque value after implant implantation was (42.77±0.79) N·cm. The buccal and palatal jump gaps were (3.15±0.16) mm and (2.86±0.18) mm immediately after surgery, respectively. The mesial and distal jump gaps were (2.94±0.19) mm and (3.77±0.21) mm, respectively. CBCT showed that no jump gap around the implants at 6 months after surgery and 1 year after permanent restoration. The ISQ values at immediately and 6 months after surgery were (74.78±0.59) and (80.20±0.49) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-9.03, P<0.001). Conclusions: Immediate dental implantation in the correct three-dimensional position could achieve good osseointegration by means of flap surgery, minimally invasive extraction and thorough removal of inflammatory tissue on the surface of soft and hard tissues. The clinical outcomes were satisfactory.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Dental Implants , Feasibility Studies , Immediate Dental Implant Loading , Molar/surgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the hepatic expression of immunological markers relevant to a cytotoxic response in relation to viral genotype.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The frozen liver biopsies were obtained from 28 HF genotyped patients and made the sections stained. The morphometry was used to analyze the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), CD8, beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2) -mG), HFE and CD68 in the stained sections. Biopsy data of response to therapy with interferon were available in 18 cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CD8+ was usually clustered together and localized in portal tracts and sinusoids, and seen to interact with MHC I positive lining cells. MHC-I and beta(2) -mG were expressed mainly in endothelial and Kupffer cells. HFE was expressed in most round and dendritic CD68+ cells. Patients with virus genotype 3a had higher hepatic MHC-I and HFE expression, and a better sustained response to interferon (IFN) therapy than patients without.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The MHC-I expression in the liver of patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection seems to relate to viral-genotype. The hepatic MHC-I and HFE expression are higher in patients with virus genotype 3a than that in patients with non-3a genotype.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antigens, CD , Metabolism , Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic , Metabolism , Antiviral Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Blotting, Western , CD8 Antigens , Metabolism , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Genotype , Hemochromatosis Protein , Hepacivirus , Genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic , Genetics , Metabolism , Virology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class I , Genetics , Metabolism , Interferons , Therapeutic Uses , Liver , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Virology , Membrane Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare two fluorochrome staining methods for the assessment of sperm quality.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Washed sperm cells were incubated in 0, 0.15, or 15 micromol/L camptothecin (CAM), or 0.37 or 3.7 mmol/L genistein (GEN) at 37 degrees C for 4 hours. The sperm cells were analyzed for cycle-independent apoptosis and necrosis by single-stain compared with dual-stain fluorescence microscopy to contrast the relative effectiveness of these two approaches.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The single-stain procedure could not detect the sperm viability differences. In contrast, the dual-stain procedure identified a dosage-dependent decrease in the viability and increased necrozoospermia after topoisomerase inhibitor CAM and GEN treatments. Apoptosis was 2-fold higher with topoisomerase inhibitor treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The two topoisomerase inhibitors were associated with increased apoptosis and dosage-dependent necrosis. The data suggested that the dual-stain combination Hoechst 33342/PI was more sensitive than the single Hoechst 33342 stain analysis and permitted quantitative analysis of the apoptosis and necrosis in sperm.</p>